The Bear and the Strawberry Tree

Whether you have already discovered it around the city, or whether this guide is the first you see of it, you may be wondering what on earth is the meaning of the bear and tree. Do madrileño bears have a preference for pick-your-own? Are they substitutes for humans when orchard-employees are scarce? Or are they simply very healthy?

Unfortunately, we must disappoint you, as of course none of these theories are true. What is true, though, is that there is good reason for the bear-and-tree image to pop up everywhere: it is the heraldic emblem of Madrid. Let us take you through a short but sweet history lesson to explain.

Nobody is exactly sure of the origin of the emblem, but it is thought that the bear first appeared in the Middle Ages. This was on a banner carried by the madrileños during the Battle of Navas de Tolosa, 1212, against the Moorish invaders. One explanation for the bear on the emblem is that these animals were plentiful in the area and were thus deemed a fitting representation for Madrid. What not many may know is that there was a debate as to whether the bear was a he or a she, ‘el oso’ or ‘la osa’. Nowadays, the bear is known as a female, predominantly because the stars surrounding it on Madrid’s coat of arms represent the feminine constellation, Ursa Minor (Smaller Bear). And it satisfies any ardent feminists.

As to the origin of the tree (Arbutus unedo in Latin), the story is as follows: a dispute arose between the town of Madrid and the Church concerning the ownership of the surrounding land. In the end, in 1222, the Church took the pastureland and the town gained the forests. Madrid changed its emblem (possibly to represent these forests), adding a tree to the bear, although whether it was supposed to be the Strawberry Tree (or Madroño), we will never know.

If you haven’t yet stumbled across La Osa y el Madroño, it will appear either in the form of a 20-tonne statue on the north side of the Puerta del Sol; or on buildings, public transport, on drain covers, or in the many souvenir shops Madrid has to offer (to name a few places). To finish, there is quite an interesting theory as to why the bear, standing on its hind legs, is so keen on reaching the tree’s fruit. You might very well hear this tale from one of the locals or an unofficial tour guide roaming the streets. The story is simply that, as the fruit of the Strawberry Tree can be used to produce liqueur, the bear is nothing less than an alcoholic in adoration of the brandy-fruit! Smiling to yourself? Well, we’ll leave it to you whether you believe it or not…
La Osa y el Madroño

Team Curso/CTR Madrid